Which statement is true regarding the relationship between bacteria and pH?

Each type of bacteria has distinct environmental preferences, and this includes a specific optimal pH range for growth. This principle reflects the fact that various bacterial species have evolved to thrive under varying conditions, including differences in acidity or alkalinity. For example, some bacteria, like Lactobacillus, prefer acidic environments, while others, such as Vibrio cholerae, thrive in neutral to slightly alkaline conditions. The ability of bacteria to grow is significantly influenced by pH because it affects enzyme activity, nutrient availability, and overall cellular functions. Understanding the optimal pH range for different bacteria is crucial in many fields, including food preservation, clinical microbiology, and environmental microbiology, as it helps in controlling bacterial growth and activity effectively.