Which state refers to bacteria that are actively multiplying?

The term that refers to bacteria that are actively multiplying is "vegetative." When bacteria are in a vegetative state, they are metabolically active and engaged in processes necessary for growth and division. This means they are utilizing nutrients from their environment to reproduce and carry out essential life functions.

In contrast, spore-forming refers to a life cycle phase where bacteria can produce spores, which can survive in harsh conditions but are not actively multiplying. Inactive and dormant states are similar, indicating that the bacteria are not engaging in active growth and reproduction. These states represent a temporary pause in metabolic activity, allowing the bacteria to endure adverse environments until more favorable conditions arise.

Therefore, the concept of a vegetative state is critical in microbiology, especially in understanding how bacteria can rapidly replicate under suitable conditions, contrasting sharply with their non-reproductive forms.