Which bacterium is the primary cause of diphtheria?

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the bacterium responsible for diphtheria, a serious infectious disease characterized by the formation of a thick coating in the back of the throat. This organism releases a potent toxin that can lead to severe complications, including cardiovascular and neurological issues, if left untreated. The pathogenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae is largely due to this toxin, which inhibits protein synthesis in cells, leading to tissue damage and the distinctive symptoms of diphtheria.

The identification of this particular bacterium as the primary cause is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, as it highlights the importance of vaccination and timely medical intervention to prevent the disease and its associated complications. Knowledge of the specific pathogen assists healthcare professionals in recognizing the disease and applying appropriate public health measures, such as immunization programs, to protect against the spread of diphtheria.