What type of infection is caused by congenital factors?

Congenital infections are those that are present at birth and are transmitted from the mother to the fetus during pregnancy. These infections can occur through various routes, such as transplacental or during delivery. They often result from pathogens that the mother carries, which then affect the developing fetus.

The distinct nature of congenital infections is that they originate from maternal factors rather than external sources. For instance, infections like syphilis, rubella, and cytomegalovirus can lead to severe developmental issues or health complications in newborns.

Choosing congenital infection as the correct answer highlights the specific relationship between maternal health and fetal development, which is a critical area of focus in both microbiology and public health. Understanding congenital infections is essential for prevention, diagnosis, and management of these types of diseases to protect maternal and infant health.