What is the term for the inborn capacity to resist disease?

The term for the inborn capacity to resist disease is natural immunity. This type of immunity serves as the body's first line of defense against pathogens and includes the barriers and responses that a person is born with. This innate immune response is not dependent on previous exposure to a pathogen; instead, it involves physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes, as well as various immune cells that recognize and respond to a wide range of pathogens non-specifically.

Natural immunity is crucial for protecting individuals during the early stages of life and can provide immediate defense against infections. In contrast, adaptive immunity, acquired immunity, and artificial immunity involve more specific responses and often require prior exposure to a pathogen or vaccination to develop.