What is the study of microorganisms called?

Microbiology is the branch of science that focuses specifically on the study of microorganisms, which includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. This discipline involves understanding the biology, physiology, and genetic makeup of these tiny organisms and their interactions with humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Microbiologists investigate not only how these organisms live and reproduce, but also how they contribute to processes such as decomposition, nutrient cycling, and even disease.

In contrast, biochemistry deals with the chemical processes within and related to living organisms, encompassing a broader range of topics than just microorganisms. Pathology is primarily concerned with the study of disease, its causes, development, and effects on the body, providing insight into diseases caused by microorganisms but not focusing exclusively on their study. Immunology studies the immune system and how it responds to different pathogens, including microorganisms, but again does not cover the full spectrum of microbiological study. Thus, microbiology is the most appropriate term to describe the study of microorganisms.