What is a vector that carries pathogens within its body known as?

A vector that carries pathogens within its body is classified as a biological vector. This type of vector plays a crucial role in the transmission of infectious agents, as it not only transports the pathogens but also facilitates their development or multiplication within its bodily systems. For instance, mosquitoes are considered biological vectors because they harbor the malaria parasite, and the pathogen undergoes stages of development within the mosquito before being transmitted to humans.

In contrast, mechanical vectors carry pathogens on their bodies or surfaces without supporting the pathogen’s life cycle. An example is a fly that lands on food and transfers bacteria from waste material without any biological interaction with the bacteria. Understanding these distinctions is essential in fields like epidemiology and microbiology, as it helps in developing strategies for controlling the spread of diseases.