What characterizes the process of autolysis?

The process of autolysis is characterized by the self-digestion of cells. This occurs when the cells begin to break down their own components due to the action of enzymes that are released from lysosomes or produced within the cells themselves. This process typically starts shortly after death, when the lack of oxygen and the cessation of circulatory functions lead to tissue breakdown.

During autolysis, the enzymes break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats present in the cells, leading to the release of cellular contents and further decomposition. It is a natural process that does not depend on external factors like bacteria or fungi to initiate. While microbial action, such as bacterial decomposition, is a significant part of the decomposition process as a whole, it is distinct from autolysis, which is primarily the result of internal cellular processes.

Understanding autolysis is crucial for anyone involved in mortuary science, as it provides insight into the timing and nature of decomposition following death.